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It is a medical term to describe the condition occurring as a result of the poor blood flow to a part of the brain resulting in cell death. It is the result of blockage or rupture of blood vessels or hemorrhage in the brain. Most of records failed to identify a clear cause in 25-39% of patients.
Types of Stroke based on cause:
1. Ischemic stroke it is caused by a blood clot, as a result of blockage or tightness of the blood vessel or an embol.
2. Hemorrhagic stroke (caused by an rupture in a blood vessel)
Both types of stroke deprive a part of the brain of blood and oxygen, resulting in the death of brain cells.
Stroke Symptoms:
To remember the abbreviation FAST Helps people to recognize the symptoms:
• Face: is one side of the face drooping?
• Arm: can the person raise both arms?
• Speech: Is the person unclearly speaking or has difficulty understanding?
• Time: Call emergency. The arrival of the patient to the hospital (If any of these symptoms exist) as soon as possible is vital, it help to save the patient’s life and reduce the complications of the stroke.
Healthcare providers diagnosing a stroke based on history taking clinical examination and laboratory and imaging examinations.
Treatment Stroke:
The treatment of stroke depends on the stroke type. For example, the target treatment of ischemic stroke is to restore the blood flow. While the main purpose to cure the hemorrhagic stroke aims to control bleeding.
Stroke prevention:
There are many factors that increase the risk of occurrence of stroke, including diabetes and hypertension.
In return, there are number of measures to reduce the risks of stroke such as:
• Reduce saturated fats.
• Refrain from smoking.
• Regular Exercise.
• Diet rich with vegetables and fruits.
Finally
Immediately ask for acute stroke care if you think you or anyone around you might have any of the FAST symptoms of stroke.
Sources:
1. Https://www.healthline.com/health/cerebrovascular-accident
2. Http://www.strokecenter.org/patients/about-stroke/ischemic-stroke/
3. AmarencoP. Bogousslavsky, j., caplan, L.R., Donnan, G.A. and Hennerici, M.G., 2009. Classification of Stroke Subtypes. cerebrovascular diseases, 275, pp.493-501. Written by Burhan Fakhurji
